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3D Test of Antisemitism : ウィキペディア英語版 | 3D Test of Antisemitism
The 3D Test of Antisemitism is a set of criteria intended to distinguish legitimate criticism of Israel from antisemitism. The three Ds stand for Delegitimization (Israel ), Demonization (Israel ), and (Israel to ) Double standards; each of which indicates antisemitism.〔 The test was suggested by Natan Sharansky. It was published in the ''Jewish Political Studies Review'' in 2004. The test serves as a conceptual tool that defines the limits of legitimate criticism towards the State of Israel, its actions and policies and a non-legitimate criticism that becomes antisemitic. Professor Irwin Cotler has said that "we’ve got to set up certain boundaries of where it (of Israel ) does cross the line, because I’m one of those who believes strongly, not only in free speech, but also in rigorous debate, and discussion, and dialectic, and the like. If you say too easily that everything is anti-Semitic, then nothing is anti-Semitic, and we no longer can make distinctions.” The 3D Test of Antisemitism rebuts arguments which claim that "Any criticism toward the State of Israel considered as antisemitic, and therefore legitimate criticism is silenced and ignored". This test has been adopted by the U.S. Department of State. It has been criticized for lacking "sufficient rigor to be used without modification for scholarly or governmental purposes".〔 ==Main concepts== The theory can be applied to many different situations, especially non-classical antisemitism, i.e., antisemitism that is more subtle and harder to recognize. This non-classical antisemitism takes the form of attacking Israel, the Jewish state. As Sharansky explains, "hiding behind the veneer of 'legitimate criticism of Israel', this new antisemitism is much more difficult to expose". A person can analyze a news story, op-ed, interview or even a protest and see if the criticism being made in it crosses the border of at least one of the following "D's":
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「3D Test of Antisemitism」の詳細全文を読む
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